7.ATOD.1

What does this standard mean a child will know and be able to do?

7.ATOD.1.1 Explain the common sequence of substance abuse that leads to serious health risks.
Drugs can be addictive which creates serious consequences for health and safety. Tolerance is the body’s adaptation to a drug that causes it to be less effective when used repeatedly and the user will require more of the drug to get the desired effect. Dependence occurs when a person is physically, mentally, or emotionally attached to a drug that he or she cannot live without. Physical dependence on a drug is commonly referred to as addiction. A typical progression of drug use begins with cigarettes, beer, or wine experimentation and moves to a substance such as marijuana, hard liquor, and other illicit drugs such as barbiturates, heroin, and cocaine. The risks of using marijuana are five times higher for someone who has ever smoked cigarettes or consumed alcohol when compared to someone who has never smoked or consumed alcohol. This is not a causative effect, meaning that smoking and drinking alcohol does NOT make someone smoke marijuana; however, it increases the risk for moving to experimenting with other substances. Friends’ use of drugs and friends’ approval of drug use are two strong factors that consistently linked to using drugs. Using drugs can lead to violence and illegal behaviors, harmful relationships, and can cause accidents. Health effects of drug use are dependent on the type of drug used, the amount consumed, and if other drugs were used in combination patterns. Drug use can lead to insomnia, excitability, severe mental disorders, malnutrition, nausea, poor concentration and judgment, confusion, agitation, delusions, tremors, seizures, vomiting, anxiety, panic, paranoia, impaired memory, brain damage, and death. Hepatitis, homicide, suicide, and injury are all causes of death commonly associated with drug use. More than 25,000 people die from drug use each year.
 * The student will describe the typical progression that leads to drug use.
 * The student will identify the potential health risks associated with drug use and dependence.

7.ATOD.1.2 Explain health risks resulting from injection drug use.
Injecting drugs not prescribed by a doctor is illegal worldwide. People who inject illicit drugs (heroin and other opiates, cocaine, amphetamines, anabolic steroids) with unsterile needles and drug paraphernalia place themselves at risk for acquiring HIV, hepatitis and other blood borne pathogens. Approximately 1/10 of all new HIV infections are the result of injection drug use.

When drugs are injected into the blood stream the effects are immediate and an overdose can occur very quickly. The effect is quick and intensive increasing the chance for addiction. Scarring and collapsed peripheral veins are also common among intravenous drug users.
 * The student will identify the risks associated with intravenous drug use.
 * The student will advocate for avoiding intravenous drug use.

7.ATOD.1.3 Predict consequences of abuse of over-the-counter medicines from information provided by the manufacturers of these medicines.
Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are chemical compounds that can be bought in drugstores, grocery stores, and pharmacies without a physician’s prescription. Many OTC drugs are intended to alleviate symptoms associated with common colds and other minor health problems such as headaches, fevers, rashes, stomach discomfort, muscle aches, sore throat, coughing. Most of these drugs are generally safe if taken as directed by dosage recommendations on the packaging. If these drugs are overused, used in large dosages not recommended by the manufacturer, or used in combination with other drugs, health risks may occur. Read labels carefully to be sure the dosage is correct and to make sure that ingredients in one OTC drug are not also included in any other drug that one may be taking. Over-the-counter drug labels were patterned after Nutrition Facts food labels. Each OTC drug label should include (in this order): The product's active ingredients, including the amount in each dosage unit, the purpose of the product, the uses (indications) for the product, specific warnings, including when the product should not be used under any circumstances, and when it is appropriate to consult with a doctor or pharmacist. This section also describes side effects that could occur and substances or activities to avoid, dosage instructions--when, how, and how often to take the product. The product's inactive ingredients, important information to help consumers avoid ingredients that may cause an allergic reaction.
 * The student will identify key elements of over-the-counter drug labels that are helpful in determining possible side effects and health problems if abused or misused.
 * The student will understand manufacture warnings printed on over-the-counter drug packaging.
 * The student will predict health consequences of misuse of over-the-counter drugs based on valid information sources.

7.ATOD.1.4 Explain how drug dependence and addiction create barriers to achieving personal goals.
Drug dependence and addiction can interfere with one’s health, relationships, financial well-being, and ability to reach his/her full potential. Drug dependence and addiction can lead to accidents that may limit one’s physical abilities. Financial consequences associated with funding one’s drug use and any legal consequences as a result of drug use or addiction can significantly impact obtaining one’s goals of acquiring any type of financial security and independence. Drug dependence and addiction may damage any goals one might have for family, friends, and relationships with significant others.
 * The student will analyze the variety of ways in which drug dependence and addiction can impede progress toward one’s goals.
 * The student will recognize the benefit of reaching his/her full potential by living a drug-free lifestyle.